Produced a safe method of refining sugar that saved lives and saved the destruction of refining mills.

Who discovered the difference between latent and specific heat and discovered the gas carbon dioxide.

Mathematician and Physicist who studies how heat is transmitted.

Designer and maker of an “unpickable” lock for padlocks and safes. Designer of the hydraulic press.

Engineer and locomotive designer and builder was born. A true genius of steam, who died in poverty.

Was as born; refined and defined research laboratory techniques.

An American by birth with strong British connections and loyalty to the crown, social reformer and improver of the domestic fireplace and co-founder of the Royal Institution.

Worked in Europe and took the title Count Rumford.

Non-conformist minister and discoverer of Oxygen and other gases, he had to flee to American at the end of his life because of his republican views.

Founder of the Geological Map that helped others find coal deposits (and other minerals) by his careful study of the layers of the soil. The map he made bankrupted him.

Born on this day inventor of the tin can for preserving food, and brilliant engineer who helped Fourdinier’s paper making machine a reality.